Epoca Bronzului este un mileniu de glorie al Europei(2100-1100ien), urmare a miscarii indo-europenilor si este incununare a trecerii definitive de la matriarhat la patriarhat. In acest mileniu a aparut Arta Razboiului, s-a conturat Mitul Eroului si Cultul Stramosilor, s-au structurat legaturi socio-economice care aveau sa dainuie mai mult sau mai putin schimbate pina in modernitate.
Cele doua focare europene ale epocii bronzului au fost: Mediterana( cu Creta, Peloponez , vestul Anatoliei) si Transilvania. In aceasta era stabila, dominata de efervescenta culturala sustinuta de comertul dezvoltat intre centrele de putere dar si de violenta elaborata- pe baza codului onoarei si memoriei patriliniare, autoritatea administrativa-militara- sacerdotala era focalizata si radia din asezarile fortificate de resedinta.
Analiza comparata a celor doua focare de civilizatie pe linia conceptiei defensive, a relevat si in acest caz –primatul esteticii in Mediterana si al eficientei in Transilvania. Daca fortificatia monumentala din Mycene era dificil de cucerit,cea din Bunloc era dificil de asediat; daca la Mycene te avantajeaza-ca aparator, zidurile iscusit ridicate, in Bunloc te avantajeaza terenul. Daca la Mycene zidurile sunt ciclopice, la Bunloc suprafata este…- cu perimetrul vital ce inchide o suprafata de 80ha si perimetrul strategic cu o valoare dubla.
Tactic, Bunlocul are un avantaj: dupa strapungerea perimetrului vital, lupta se poate continua prin hartuire in masivul Piatra Mare si se poate reveni cu o contraofensiva de succes. In cazul fortificatiilor clasice de acropola, lupta se incheie pentru aparatori cand cei care ataca au intrat in cetate. Acest tip de fortificatie si conceptie mai sunt intalnite intr-un singur loc din Iudeea antica, la Gamala.In acest loc din Iudeea, Vespasian a fost cel mai aproape de moarte dar ingeniozitatea si masina de razboi romana au invins.
Amploarea lucrarilor de fortificatie si conceptia tactica din Bunloc, sugereaza o aparare sustinuta de minimum 3000 de combatanti- fapt ce se rasfrange asupra numarului populatiei generale din zona si justifica incadrarea Bunlocului in categoria Asezarilor Fortificate de Resedinta. Daca Bunlocul a fost cucerit, aceasta s-a intamplat fie sub presiunea a minim 10.000 de combatanti, fie sub asediul cu mijloace si tactici mult avansate.
Iata cum prin descoperirea din Martie 2005 a Bunlocului ca Zona de Interes Arheologic ne aflam astazi in situatia de a pune in valoare dupa modele verificate si functionale in Vest, una dintre cele mai puternice si complexe fortificatii ridicate acum 3.500ani in Europa Epocii Eroice- descrisa de Homer.
English
Introduction...
What is this all about?...
It’s about Bonloc Hill (45.35.43N / 25.39.38E / 1185m alt.). This hill it's located 5 km. S-E from city of Brasov (second in Romania), near E-60 highway. It has chair-lift, ski tracks, downhill tracks, paraglide ramps and two chalets - all of them spread out on the accessible hillside.
Since March 2005 this place means much more because there is more: a dry-stone wall 1.8m thick and 1m in height some places - limits the upper hillside (80 ha.); stone reinforced ramps and paved roads.
This amazing discovery casts a new light on another nearby archaeological site – improperly researched with uncertain place on the time line. It is a linear bank-ditch fortification 1.2 km. long - hillside to hillside, right 1km North from Bunloc Hill. In November 2005, upon those two hills which border the fortification, were discovered two small size (0,5 ha.) round forts.
Therefore in this final days of the year, our discovery looks like o prehistoric settlement (according to the preliminary archaeological report), impossible to besieged (due to the relief), well guarded by an advanced line of defense (two forts and a bank).
Questions answered…
1.Is there a fascinating mystery?
It’s fascinating what's already on the surface, also what lays beneath to be unearthed. Even more fascinating is the defensive outlook of the site – supposing it’s a fortified center of authority. It's a mystery who built this and with what purpose.
2. Will this site appeal to someone who has never heard of it before?
This site already appeals due to some unusual features for this region: dimensions, urban area architecture in prehistory, amazing strong point of resistance in case of a siege or a direct attack.
3. Is the digging area compact?
Yes, it is. The hot spots are quite a few: the western small hill fort ( 30 x 50 m. ), the floor of a building (6x4 m. ), in the central terraces area, and the round plateau ( 30 m. diameter – a possible sacred area ).
4. Is the archeology focused?
Most likely it's a case of Bronze Age archeology.
5. Is it different from what Time Team has done before?
It is different by what it also is: the forth discovery of a young medic in two years period. It is different by the ultimate question it raises: it's a breeze of the Western Bronze Age?...or the Mediterranean Bronze Age?...or something genuine?
6. Do you have archaeological evidence?
Supposing the stones aren't hard enough, there is hand made pottery close beneath the surface.
7. Do you have a copy of the Sites and Monument Record?
We have attached a copy of the conclusions written down in the Preliminary Archaeological Report.
